Machine for forming elliptical frames.



No. 7o|,s24; Patented lunes, |962.

c. ExsANnsTnoM.

MACHINE FOR FDRMING ELLIPTICAL FRAMES.

(Appliegtnn led Feb. 17, 1899.)

5 sheets-'Sheet l.

.(0 Model.)

m?, A Wl l 1 Zwam ' f m.A 701,624. 'Patentedmne 1902.

y c. E. sAuns'To'm. MACHINE FIGB FORIING ELLIPTlC-AL FRAMES.

(Application led Feb. 17, 1 9 (no Model.) 5 sheets-snm 2.

y No' 70mm' Patented 1une 3,|9o2. A c. E. sAuusTnom. Y

MACHINE FDR FDRMING ELLIPTICAL FRAMES..

(Application led Feb. 17, 1899.) (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.l

lll/lll,

on :Tens oo. Fumoumo.. wnswmmow. u. c.

No. 70l,624. Patented lune 3, |902.

C. E. SANDSTROM.- v

MACHINE FOR FORMING ELLIPTICAL FRAMES.

i (Application led Feb. 17, 1899.)

' 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Motief.)

No. 70mm. Patenten lune 3,1902'.

c.- E. sAuDsInoM. f MACHINE FUR FUBVIIING ELLIPTICM. FRAMES.

` (Applictll led'Feb. 1-7, 1899.)

monden.) s sheets-sheet s.l

Tg2! I@ z Hun l l UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

CHARLES E. SANDSTROM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MACHINEr-.on FoRMlANe ELLIPTICAL FRAMES.

SPECIFICATION forming Vpart of Letters Patent N o. 701,624, dated June3, 1902. Application met February i7, 1899. serial No. 705.806. (Nomodel.)

To all", whom t 71mg/ concern:

Be it known that LQHARLES E. SA-NDsTRoM, residing at Chicago, in: thecounty of ACook and State of Illinois, have inventedv certain new anduseful Improvementsin Machines for Forming Elliptical Frames, of whichthe following is a specification.l My invention relates toa'machineemployed in carrying out one step in my new process formanufacturing Aelliptical picture-frames. In my application, Serial No.703,870, filed January 30, 1899, I have shown a machine for sawing andboring pieces from which the frarne is formed, and in anotherapplication, Serial No. 26,347,1i1ed August 9, 1900, I have shown amachine for cutting outV the' design'.

in cross-section of the elliptical frame composed of the several pieces.y In the present application, while I have shown a machine constructedspecifically for forming a'design in putty upon the surface of theelliptical frame cut ont by the machine of the aforesaid application,Serial No. 26,347, it will be understood that I might use itforimpressinga design upon some other material-such as.

soft wood, metal, or any other material that can be molded-or. bythejsubstitution of a cutter for the mandrel or ornamental roller andrunning it at ahigher rate of speed I might cut out a'molding designupon the upper surface of thev frame, thus causing this particularbmachine -tofperform the function of the one shown inv the aforesaidapplication, Serial No. 26,347, or I might use it for applying someother material in a uniform layer upon the surface of the ellipticalframe instead of forming the design.

My invention, furthermore, relates to a mechanism for rotating anelliptical frame or surface thereon and at the same time reciprocatingit so that a substantially stationary former will be properly applied tosaid frame or surface despite its elliptical shape.

My invention' further relates to mechanism for vibrating a mandrel orformer operating upon an elliptical frame passing beneath it, so thatthe position ofthe axis ofthe former shall vary automatically to conformto the varying centers of curvature of the ellipse passing beneath it.

My invention further relates to other commechanism.

the annexed claims.

' `Referring to the` accompanying sheets of drawingsannexed hereto toillustrate the in-l vention, and in which the sameletters of referenceare used to designateindentical parts inall the iigures, Figure 1 isaside elevation of the complete machine. Fig. 2 is a plan View of apower-transmitting joint. Fig. 3 is a sectional view through the saidjoint and a portion of.-.the shafting. Fig. 3a is a section of themechanism on the line 3n 3 of Fig 3. Fig. 4 is a plan view of themachine, in section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1 with the supportingffr'ame removed. Fig. 5 Lis an elevation of a pair of cams foroperating the clutch Fig. 6V is a -plan ViewA of a portionl of thereciprocating bed-plate shown in Fig. 4, but with the parts complete andnot broken away as they are in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a plan view of therotating and reciprocating work-carrying. plate. f Fig. l8 is asectional view through the machine ont-he -line 8 8 of Fig.'4. Fig. 9isa sideelevation andinverted' vframe. Figs. `12, 13, and 14 are a planView,

side elevation, Vand front elevation, respectively, of the stationaryportion of the main yertical frame. Fig. 15 is a side elevation ofasupplemental frame adjustable upon the main vertical frame and formingways for the vertically reciprocating plate carrying the mandrel. Fig. 16 yisa side elevation of the vertically-reciprocating plate. Fig. `17-is a cross-section of the same on the line 17 17 of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 isafperspec; tive view of the support fort-hebearing-frame for themandrel, which support is angularly adjustable in the arc of a circleuponthevertically-reciprocating plate of Fig. 16. Fig. 19 is a sideelevation of the support shown in Fig. 18. Fig. 20 is a detail insection, on an enlarged scale, showing the relation of the IOS)vertically-sliding plate of Fig. 1G to the ways of Fig. 15 in which itis mounted. Fig. 21 is a rear elevation, on an enlarged scale, of themachine in section on the line 21 21'of Fig. S; and Fig. 22 is a detailin section.

The power is applied to the belt-pulley A, Figs. l and 4, which may havea sleeve B, connecting it rigidly with the gear-pinion C. Thisbelt-pulley and gear-pinion are mounted upon the axle or stub-shaft D,which may be formed integral with or supported by the bracket E, shapedas shown in Fig. 11a and east with or otherwise rigidly connected to theside of the horizontally-sliding frame F. The gear-pinion C meshes witha gear-wheel G, mounted upon and rigidly secured to the shaft H, whichis rotatably mounted in the bearings J and K, carried by the aforesaidhorizontally-sliding frame F. This shaft H has splined thereon a clutchmemberL, which is reciprocated by means to be subsequently described.This reciprocating clutch member L coperates with the clutch member M,rotatably mounted upon the shaft and rigidly connected to the gear-wheelN, which meshes with the gear-wheel O, rigidly mounted upon the shaft P,which in turn is supported by the bearings Q and R, also secured to thehorizontally reciprocating frame F. This shaft P has secured on itsinner end a disk S, having the T-shaped groove S4 across its face. Abolt S5 has its head in the groove, and the collar S6 and the nut S7serve to secure the bolt in any desired eccentric position. Upon thecollar S6 is mounted a link T, the other end of which is pivotallysecured in the ears of the support U, which, as seen in Fig. 8, may besecured to a horizontal cross-piece of the substantially rectangularportion V of the framework of the machine. The horizontallyreciprocatingframe F, which is substantially rectangular, has the bottoms of itssides forming bearing-surfaces W, which slide in the substantiallyV-shaped ways X, formed upon the upper surface of the stationary frameV, as shown in Fig. 4f. It will be readily seen that as power is appliedto the belt-pulley A and transmitted to the shaft P the link T, beingpivotally mounted upon the stationary framework and eccentricallymounted upon the shaft P, will by the rotation of the shaft P cause theframe F to be vibrated horizontally upon the ways X. As the bolt Si canbe secured at any desired position in the slot or groove S4, I amenabled thereby to vary the movement of the frame F, as may be desired,and thus vary the relative lengths of the major and minor axes of theellipse described, as hereinafter set out.

The horizontally-reciprocating frame F has formed on its upper surfacetheannular bearing-surface Y, which cooperates with a correspondingannular'bearing-surface Z,formed on the under side of the rotating andreciprocating plate A'. (Shown in Fig. 7.) The frame F may also have thecentral circular bearing portion B', which may be supported by thecross-piece C', upon the under side of which the bearing Q for the shaftP may also be supported. The underside of the central portion of theplate A cooperates with the bearing-surface B', and the king-pin D',passing through the center of the plate A' and the bearing B', serves tohold the reciprocating plate F and the revolving plate A' in theirproper relation. Rigidly secured to or formed on the under surface ofthe rotating plate A' and best shown in Fig. 8 is an annular bevelgearE', which meshes with a bevel-gear F', rigidly secured upon the shaft P.It results from this construction that as the shaft Protates it forcesthe horizontal reciprocation of the plate F, and consequent-ly of theplate A', which latterplate is at the same time rotated by means of thecooperation of the bevelgears E' and F'. The plate A' has placedconcentrically thereon the raised elliptical bearing-su rface G', uponwhich is placed the elliptical frame described in my aforesaidapplication Serial No. 703,870, the pins H being placed upon saidbearing-surface to coperate with the holes bored on the under side ofthe elliptical frame, thus securing rapid and accurate registration ofthe parts. It will be seen that the mechanism hitherto described can beand is so constructed and timed that taking a stationary point, as at Jin Fig. 7, the reciprocation and rotation of the plate A' will cause theouter surface of the elliptical frame to pass directly beneath saidpoint.

Rigidly secured to or in relation to the rectangular stationary portionV of the framework is the vertical portion K'. (Shown in detached viewsin Figs. 12, 13, and 14.) This vertical portion of the framework isformed with a horizontal aperture L' therein to permit the passage andreciprocation of the shaft to be subsequently mentioned. It has formedthereon the horizontal shoulder M', upon which rests thehorizontally-adjustable bearing-plate N', which can be secured in anydesired horizontal position by means of bolts passed through thehorizontal slots P' in the vertical portion K' of the framework andscrewed into the holes O' in the plate N'. An overhanging shoulder Q'atthe top of the vertical portion K' of the framework may coperate withthe upper side of the horizontallyadjustable bearing plate N'. Toconveniently provide for the horizontal movement of the plate N'lrelative to the vertical framework K', I may provide the screw-bolt K10,mounted to turn in the framework K' and having the screw-threadedportion, which cooperates with a screw-threaded lug N1o (shown in Fig.2l) and projecting rearwardly from the plate N. This bearing-plate N'has the strips R' of the cross-section shown in Fig. 2O bolted thereonto form ways, with which the edges S' of the vertically-reciprocatingplate T' coperate, as shown in the detail sketch of Fig. 20. Thevertically-reciprocating plate T' is of the general shape shown inFig-16 and has the rearwardly-projecting lugs U at IOO its top portion,as shown in Fig. 2l, through which may be passed the set-screws or boltsV', which serve to limit the downward movement of the plate, theycoperating with the upper surface of the portion K' of the framework, asclearly shown in Fig. 2l. The plate T has also connected thereto therearwardlyprojecting circular bearing WV `and has formed therein thesegmental slots X', which are formed concentric with the bearing W'.This bearing W' and the slots X' are employed to secure the angularadjustment of the support Y', the general shape of which is illustratedin Figs. 18 {and 19 and which has thc holes Z' and A2, through whichpass bolts-cooperating, respectively, with the bearing WV' and the slotsX' to secure the support in any desired position of angular adjustment.This support Y' also has formed therein the vertical bearing-hole B2,through which passes a bolt forming the axis or pivotal center of themandrel-bearing frame C2. (Shown in detail in Fig. 9.) The under side ofthe support Y' has formed thereon the shoulderD2, in which is formed thesegmental groove E2, in which slides the rear end of the plate F2,forming the main portion of ythe mandrel bearing frame C2. Thismandrel-bearing frame C2 has the bearings G2, in which is mounted theshaft H2, upon whichA is. secured the bevel gear-pinion .T2 and themandrel or former K2, which has the reverse of the design formed on thecircular periphery thereof. Inasrnnch as the mandrel-bearing frame C2 ispivotally mounted at B2, whichis practically over the mandrel, it willibe readily seenA that it may be swung about this point as a pivot tovary the angular relation of the axis of the mandrel or former to theline passing through any center of curvature of the elliptical frame andat right angles thereto. This mandrel-bearing frame is furnished withthe arm L2, to which movement is applied by mechanism to be subsequentlydescribed.

Rigidly secured upon the shaft H is a gearpinion M2, which meshes with agear-wheel N2, rigidly secured upon the shaft O2, which is rotatablymounted in the bearings P2 and Q2, projecting rearwardly from the end ofthe horizontallyreciprocating frame F. This shaft O2 rotates and alsoreciprocates backward and forward through the aperture L' in thevertical portion K' of the framework and carries a cam-lug R2, whichcoperates with a cam-frame S2, which may be rectangular, as shown, andwhich may be adj ustably secured horizontally and vertically by boltsT2, passing through the elongated horizontal slot U2 in the upper sidethereof and into the vertical slots W2, formed in the lower end of thevertically reciprocating plate T As the shaft O2 rotates it will be seenthat the camlug R2, coperating with the bearing-surface X2, formed inthe frame S2, will raise the vertically-reciprocating frame T', whichslides in the ways R on the frame N', and thus the mandrel or former andits connected parts is raised and held raised during a portion of therotation of the shaft O2. While the mandrel is thus raised it is out ofcontact with the work and its bevel-pinion J2 is raised out of mesh withthe elliptical bevel-gear Y2, which is secured upon the upper surface ofthe frame A' concentric with and parallel to the elliptical support G'.When the frame and mandrel are lowered, as they will be during a greaterportion of the revolution of the shaft O2, the bevel-pinion J2, meshingwith the bevel-pinion Y2, will cause the mandrel to rotate with justsufficient speed to roll over the surface of the elliptical frame placedupon the elliptical bearing-surface G' and to form its design thereon inthe putty Z2, which is fed or placed on the frame in advance of itspassing underneath the mandrel. The employment of the bevel-pinion J2insures the positive movement of the mandrel and also theeXact meetingof the ends when rotation is completed. Also rigidly secured upon theshaft O2 is a pair of cam-arms A3, which may be bolted to a collar B3,which is secured upon the shaft. These cam-arms A3 coperate with thcoppositelybeveled surfaces C3 of the outer end of the lever D3, which ispivotally mounted upon the end of the horizontallyreciprocating frame Fand, has its other end engaging the customary groove E3, formed in theconstantly-rotating and sliding clutch member L. The action of theseparts will be as follows: As the shaft O2 is rotated very slowly byreason of being geared down from the belt-Wheel A, supposing the clutchmember L is in the position shown in Fig. 4E, the sliding frame F andthe plate A' will be at rest, and during this interval of rest the framewhich has been operated on may be taken off and quickly replaced byanother frame. As soon as the arm A3, which is uppermost in Fig. 4, hasreached the cooperating surface C3 of the lever D3 the lever is shiftedand the clutch is engaged, which sets the shaft P in motion, and theframe F is reciprocated and the plate A' is reciprocated and rotated.Supposing the plate A' is arranged in the same position as shown in Fig.7 at the time its rotation begins, the reciprocation of the plate willbe such as to bring the plate to the left justrapidly enough to keep thebevel-.gear pinion J2 in mesh with the rack Y2 and the mandrel or formerK2 just 'over the surface of the frame being operated upon. When the'frame A' has made a quarter of a turn, the movement of the frame to the`left is completed, and it begins to move to the right yat such a rateof speed as to keep the gears in mesh and the mandrel properly locatedrelative to thel frame, the limit of the movement to the right beingreached when the frame A' has revolved through another quarter of acircle. During the second half of the rotation of the frame A it issimilarly advanced to the left and returned. The gearing is soproportioned as to give the frame A' slightly more than one completerotation, when the IOO IIO

'rotate the shaft H3.

other arm A3 engages the other side of the lever D3 and shifts theclutch out of engagement. It will be understood that before the clutchis shifted to start the rotation of the plate A the mandrel is loweredby means of a supporting-cam lug R2 being turned so as to permit gravityto carry the mandrel down aud the bevelpinion J3 into engagement withthe rack Y3, and it will also be understood that after the rotation ofthe frame Y3 has ceased the action of the cam-lug R2 serves to raise themandrel, so as to permit of the removal of the frame and the insertionof a fresh one. Owing to the fact that the frame to be operated upon isof an elliptical shape, it will be seen that if the axis of the mandrelwere, say, at right angles to the shafts P, H, and O3aline drawn fromthe edge of the ellipse through the center of rotation and another fromthe same point in the edge of the ellipse through the center ofcurvature at that particular spot would only coincide at four points ofthe ellipsei. e., at the ends of the major and minor axes. In order tocause the mandrel or former to operate properly and register exactlyupon the surface to be operated upon, its axis must always be in linewith a line drawn from the particular spot being operated upon to thecenter of curvature of that particular portion of the ellipse. Startingwith the ellipse in the position shown in Fig. 7 and with the mandrel atthe point J', it will be seen that as the ellipse is rotated, say, fromthe right over to the left, it is necessary to swing the mandrel to oneside for a certain distance, culminating at about one-eighth of therotation, when it is swung back through the next eighth, so that theaxis of the mandrel is again at right angles to the shafts P, H, and O2at the completion of one-quarter of the rotation. During the nextquarter of the rotation the mandrel is swung in the other direction asimilar distance and returned, so as to again be in its normal positionat the end of one-half a rotation of the plate A', and the same actionoccurs during the third and fourth quarters of a revolution, thusnecessitating the swinging of the axis of the mandrel to a certainextent on either side of its normal position twice during the com pleterotation of the plate A. To secure this movement, I provide thefollowing mechanism: The outer end of the shaft P outside of the bearingR is furnished with the bevel-pinion F3, which meshes with acorresponding bevelpinion G3, which is splined to slide upon and (Bestshown in Figs. l, 2, and 3.) The pinion G3 is supported by the yoke J3,the lower end of which is in the form of a collar taking into theannular groove K3, formed below the teeth of the bevel-pinion G3. Theupper end of the yoke J3 is secured to the collar L3, surrounding theshaft H3. The yoke J3, as shown, has three arms, the arms M3 beingsimilar, while the arm N3 differs therefrom in the fact that it isenlarged at its central portion and has an aperture O3, through whichthe end of lthe shaft P passes, thereby virtually forming a collar forthe bevel-pinion F3. The upper end of the shaft H3 has rigidly securedthereon the bevel gearpinion P3, which meshes with an idle bevelgear-pinion1 Q3, mounted upon a stub-shaft R3, which may be convenientlymounted in the bearing NVQ and thus serves the double function of actingas a pivot for the angular adjustment of the support Y and of thestubshaft for the idle pinion Q3. This idle pinion Q3 meshes with asimilar bevel-gear S3, which is secured upon the shaft T3. The upper endof the shaft H3 is mounted in the bearing U3, formed in the yoke V3,which is carried by the stub-shaft R3. Similarly the lower end of theshaft T3 is secured in the bearing 73, formed upon the yoke a 3, whichis similarly pivotally` mounted on the stubshaft R3. The upper end ofthe shaft T3 is mounted in a bearing'Y3, formed upon the lower end ofthe arm Z3, projecting downwardly from the arm A4 of the support Y. Theupper end of the shaft T3 terminates in the crank-arm B3, which haspivotally secured at its outer end the adjustable link C, the other endof which is pivotallysecured to the end of the arm L2 by the mechanismparticularly shown in Fig. l0. This adjustable link C4 terminates in theyoke D4, in which is swiveled by the pins E4 a bearing-block F, havingan aperture therein through which the stub-journal G4, terminating thearm L3, passes and upon which it is secured. The operation of thismechanism will be readily apparent. During the time that the shaft P isrotating its movement is transmitted by the system of bevel-gears andthe shafts H3 and T3, so that the rotation or the shaft T3 by means ofthe crank-arm B4 reciprocates the link C4 and causes the mandrel-bearingframe C3 to vibrate upon its axis, thus giving the necessary movement tothe mandrel to cause it to occupy the proper position relative to theframe. As explained above, this mechanism must be timed so as to swingthe mandrel twice on either side of its normal position during onecomplete rotation of the plate A'. The connections between the shaft P,which moves horizontally by reason of the reciprocation of the frame Fand of the stubshaft R3, which is raised and lowered during eachoperation of the machine by reason of its being connected to themandrel-supporting mechanism, are such as to permit of these movementswithout disengaging the gears. The mounting of the shaft T3 is also suchthat as the position of the mandrel-bearing frame is shifted the shaftmoves with it without disturbing in the least its connections.

The operation of the com plete machine will be readily apparent. Theconnections are such as to permit the machine to be adjusted for anydesired angle at which the mandrel K3 is to be applied to the moldingH4, which has been previously cut to substantially the IIO ` parts maybe adjusted to accommodate any change in the size or curve of theellipse.

When the parts are properly adjusted to the` frame to be operated upon,the machine is set in motion, and after the rotation of the shaft O2 hasmoved the cam-lug R2 to such a position as to permit the design of themandrel to engage the Work the clutch is operated to start the rotationof the plate A. As this plate rotates it reciprocates, as explainedbefore, to keep the molding constantly under the mandrel or former, andthe angle of the mandrel or former is constantly shifted, so as to keepits axis at right` angles to the center of curvature of the point beingoperated upon. After a complete rotation or slightly more of the plate Aone of the cam-arms A3 disengages the clutch to stop the rotating andreciprocating movement, and shortly after this movement ceases themandrel and its frame are raised by the action of the cam-lug R2 topermit the Withdrawal of the frame which has been puttied and theinsertion of a fresh one preparatory to the descent of the mandrel readyfor another operation.

While I have designed my invention primarily for use in formingelliptical frames in which the major and minor axes are radicallydifferent in length, it Will be understood that the principle thereof iscapable of being operated upon elliptical frames Whose major and minoraxes approach each other in length until they are equal, or, in otherWords, until the ellipse becomes a circle. It will be apparent that ifthe bolt S5 is adjusted in the center of the groove S4 the ellipsereaches its limit of adjustment in the one direction and becomes acircle. Consequently in the interpretation of the claims I do not desireto be limited to any particular relationship of the axes of the ellipse,but desire to cover all relationships up to and including the limit atWhich it becomes a circle. In the claims Where the ornamental roller orrotating cutter is included as an element I have usedas a generic term.to designate either of said constructions the term forming-tool.

While I have shown my invention as embodied in the form which I atpresent con-Y sider best adapted to carry out its objects, it Will beunderstood that it is capable of extensive modifications and that I donot desire to be limited to the exact form shown and described, but onlyso much as may be necessitated yby the state ofthe art.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is-

l. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automatically and simultaneously reciprocatingand rotating it to cause any point of it to move through an ellipse,-comprising a stationary guideway, a carriage reciprocatinglongitudinally thereof, and the supporting-frame rotating on saidcarriage.

2. In a machine of the 'class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automatically and simultaneously reciprocatingand rotating it to cause any point of it to move through an ellipse,comprising a stationary guideway, a carriage reciprocatinglongitudinally thereof, and the supporting-frame rotating on saidcarriage, together with a rotating shaft mounted in said carriage andhaving an eccentric thereon, and a link connecting said eccentric andthe frame of the stationary guideway.

3. In a machine of the class described, the

combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automaticallyreciprocating it, comprising astationary guideway upon which the framereciprocates, a rotating shaft mounted in said reciprocating frame andhaving an eccentric thereon, and a link connecting said eccentric andthe framework of the stationary guideway. l

l. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for simultaneously and automatically reciprocatingand rotating it so as to `cause any point on it to move through anellipse, said mechanism comprising a stationary guideWay, a carriagereciprocating longitudinally thereof, means for reciprocating saidcarriage, a supporting-frame rotating on said carriage, a shaft rotatingin said carriage and carrying a pinion, and a circular rack or gear onthe supporting-frame meshing with said pinion.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automatically moving it at intervals so as tocause any point on itto move through an ellipse.

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with mechanism for automatically and simultaneouslyreciprocating and rotating `it to cause any point on it to move throughan. ellipse, said mechanism comprising a rotating shaft mounted in areciprocating carriage upon which the supporting-frame rotates,connections operated by said shaft for reciprocating the carriage androtating the supporting- 'frame therein, and a clutch operatedautomatically for throwing said rotating shaft into and out of operationto cause the mechauism to operate at intervals.

7. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with `mechanism for automatically and simultaneouslyreciprocating and rotating it to cause any point o n it to move throughan ellipse, said mechanism comprising a stationary guideway, a carriagereciprocating longitudinally thereof, a supporting-frame rotating insaid carriage, a rotating shaft mounted in said carriage and having aneccentric thereon, a link connecting said eccentric and the IOCframework of the stationary guideway, and a clutch operatedautomatically for throwing said rotating shaft into and out of operationto cause the mechanism to operate at intervals.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automatically and simultaneously reciprocatingand rotating it to cause any point on it to move through an ellipse,said mechanism comprising a stationary guideway, a carriagereciprocating longitudinally thereof, a supporting-frame rotating insaid carriage, a rotating shaft mounted in said carriage and having aneccentric thereon, a link connecting said eccentric and the framework ofthe stationar guideway, and a clutch for throwing said rotating shaftinto and out of operation.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupportingframe, with mechanism forautomatically and simultaneouslyreciprocating and rotating it to cause any point on it to move throughan ellipse, said mechanism comprising a stationary guideway, a carriagereciprocating lon gitudinally thereof, a supporting-frame rotating insaid carriage, a rotating shaft mounted in said carriage and having aneccentric thereon, a link connecting said eccentric and the framework ofthe stationary guideway, a clutch controlling the operation of saidshaft, and means for automatically shittnor said clutch at intervals tocontrol the movement of the supporting-frame.

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a rotatingsupporting-frame, with a forming-tool journaled adjacent to said frame,and gearing and connections for rotating said frame and simultaneouslyrotating said tool at a rate synchronous with the movement of thesupporting-frame.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool journaled adjacent to said frameand geared to rotate synchronously therewith, and means forautomatically moving the frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool.

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool geared to said frame to rotatetherewith, and mechanism for automatically and simultaneouslyreciprocating and rotating said frame to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith by means ofa gear-pinion on said tool meshing with a rack on said frame forrotating said tool, and mechanism for automatically moving the frame soas to cause its surface and the surface of said tool to move at the samerate of speed.

14. In a machine of the class described, thc

combination of a supporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperatingtherewith, mechanism for automatically and simultaneously reciprocatingand rotating said frame to cause it to move through an ellipse relativeto said tool, and mechanism for rotating said tool at a rate of speedcorresponding to the movement of t-he frame beneath it.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, and means for rotating said tool inunison with the movement of the frame com prising an elliptical gear onl(he frame,and a cooperating pinion on the shaft of the tool.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forraising and lowering said tool comprising a rotary cam cooperating withsaid tool, and mechanism for automatically moving said frame so as tocause it to move through an ellipse relative to said tool.

17. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forautomatically raising and lowering said tool, and mechanism forautomatically moving the frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool.

1S. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forautomatically raising and lowering said tool at regular intervals, andmechanism for automatically moving the frame so as to cause it to movethrough an ellipse relative to said tool.

19. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forautomatically raising and lowering said tool at regular intervals, andmechanism for automatically moving the frame at regular intervals so asto cause it to move through an ellipse relative to said tool, said meansand mechanism being so timed that the tool is in its lower position andin contact with the frame during its movement.

20. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forautomatically raising and lowering said tool at regular intervals, meansfor rotating said tool when it is in its lower position, and mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool.

21. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, and means for vibrating said IOO IIO

tool to keep its axis at right angles to the line of movement of theportion of the frame passing beneath it.

22. In a machine of the'class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move throughan'ellipse relative to said tool, and means for automatically vibratingsaid tool to keep its axis at right angles to the line of movement ot'the portion of the frame passing beneath it.

23. In a machine of the class described, the combination ofA asupporting-frame, with a 'forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame at intervals so as to cause it tomove through an ellipse relative to said tool, and means for vibratingsaid tool to keep its axis at right angles to the line of movement ofthe portion of the frame passing beneath it.

24. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically and simultaneously reciprocating and rotating saidframe to cause it to move through an ellipse relative to said tool,'andmeans for automatically vibrating said tool to keep its axis at rightangles to the line of movement of the portion of the frame passingbeneath it. c

25. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forraising and lowering said tool, mechanism for automatically moving saidframe so as to cause it to move through an ellipse relative to saidtool, and means for vibrating said tool to keep the axis at right anglesto the line of movement of the portion of the frame passing beneath it.

26. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, and means for adjusting the toollongitudinally to vary the size of the elliptical surface cooperatingtherewith.

27. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, and means for adjusting the toolangularly to vary the angle of the tool relative to the surface of theframe.

28. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said-frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, and means for adjusting said toollongitudinally and an gularly for the purposes described.

29. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative rto said tool, and means for adjusting said Atoollongitudinally and vertically for the 1 purposes described.

30. ln a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cau se it to move throughan ellipse relative to said tool, and means for adjusting the toolangular] y and vertically for the purposes described.

3l. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, and means for adjusting the toolangularly, longitudinally and vertically for the purposes described.

32. In a machine ofthe class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, mechanismfor automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool, means for vibrating said tool to keep itsaxis at right angles to the line of movement of the portion of the framepassing beneath it, and means for regulating the amount of saidvibration.

33. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automatically moving it so as to cause anypoint on it to move through an ellipse, and means for adjusting saidmechanism so that the relative lengths of the major and minor axes ofthe ellipse may be varied as desired. f

34. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a supportingframe, with mechanism for automatically and simultaneously reciprocatingand rotating it to cause any point on it to move through an ellipse, andmeans for adjusting said mechanism to IOO IIO

vary the length of reciprocation so that the forming-tool cooperatingtherewith, adjustable means for raising and lowering said tool, andmechanism for automatically moving said frame so as to cause it to movethrough an ellipse relative to said tool.

37. Y In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool cooperating therewith, means forautomatically raising and lowering said tool comprising a rotating camand a coperating bearing-surface adjustable vertically, and mechanismfor automatically moving the frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool.

3S. In a machine of the class described, the combination of asupporting-frame, with a forming-tool coperating therewith, means forautomatically raising and lowering said tool comprising a rotating camand a coperating bearing-surface adjustablehorizontally, and mechanismfor automatically moving the frame so as to cause it to move through anellipse relative to said tool.

39. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a movablesupporting-frame, means for moving said frame thron gh a curve, with aforming-tool journaled adjacent said frame, and gearing between 'saidframe and tool whereby the movement of the former rotates the lattersynchronously therewith.

40. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a movablesupporting-frame, means for rnoving said frame through a curve, with aforming-tool journaled adjacent said frame, and a rack on said framehaving the same curve as that through which the frame is moved, and apinion on said forming-tool meshing with said rack whereby the movementof the frame rotates the tool synchrononsly therewith.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand this 11th day of February,1899.

CHARLES E. SANDSTROM.

In presence of- LoUIsE SERAGE, ALLAN A. MURRAY.

